CHE Threshold Level: Ghana CHE Threshold Level: South Africa
5% 10% 25% 40% 5% 10% 25% 40%
OR (SE) 95% CI OR (SE) 95% CI OR (SE) 95% CI OR (SE) 95% CI OR (SE) 95% CI OR (SE) 95% CI OR (SE) 95% CI OR (SE) 95% CI
Sex 1.070 (0.168) 0.786-1.457 1.399 (0.305) 0.912-2.145 2.998b (1.610) 1.046-8.589 2.274c (0.596) 1.361-3.801 0.998 (0.211) 0.660-1.509 0.985 (0.274) 0.571-1.697 1.842 (0.849) 0.747-4.544 1.397 (0.563) 0.634-3.078
Age (y) 1.742c (0.352) 1.172-2.590 1.321 (0.354) 0.781-2.233 0.792 (0.449) 0.261-2.406 0.895 (0.303) 0.461-1.739 0.814 (0.219) 0.480-1.381 1.185 (0.385) 0.627-2.242 0.951 (0.509) 0.333-2.715 1.339 (0.608) 0.550-3.261
Education (y) 0.908 (0.136) 0.678-1.217 1.187 (0.245) 0.792-1.779 1.233 (0.656) 0.434-3.500 1.017 (0.255) 0.622-1.663 0.700a (0.130) 0.486-1.008 0.677a (0.144) 0.447-1.026 1.206 (0.449) 0.581-2.504 1.156 (0.354) 0.634-2.105
Tobacco use 1.072 (0.086) 0.917-1.254 1.030 (0.108) 0.838-1.266 1.197 (0.353) 0.671-2.135 1.307 (0.253) 0.894-1.910 0.895 (0.228) 0.543-1.476 0.699 (0.233) 0.364-1.344 0.377 (0.267) 0.094-1.511 0.543 (0.283) 0.195-1.510
Alcohol use 1.018 (0.038) 0.946-1.095 0.984 (0.051) 0.889-1.090 0.945 (0.113) 0.956-14.286 1.025 (0.066) 0.904-1.162 1.054 (0.068) 0.930-1.195 1.033 (0.086) 0.878-1.215 1.178 (0.194) 0.853-1.626 1.133 (0.145) 0.882-1.456
CVD status 1.946b (0.548) 1.121-3.380 2.710c (0.912) 1.401-5.239 3.696a (2.550) 0.956-14.286 4.107c (1.607) 1.908-8.841 1.354 (0.412) 0.746-2.460 1.446 (0.524) 0.710-2.944 3.002b (1.665) 1.013-8.902 1.889 (0.993) 0.674-5.294
Insurance 0.506 (0.348) 0.131-1.949 0.891 (0.711) 0.187-4.254 0.709 (0.776) 0.083-6.056 1.736b (0.447) 1.048-2.877 1.699a (0.545) 0.906-3.186 2.864b (1.385) 1.110-7.391 2.906b (1.208) 1.287-6.565
No. of fruit servings 0.996 (0.015) 0.966-1.026 1.017 (0.019) 0.980-1.054 1.033 (0.039) 0.960-1.112 1.019 (0.023) 0.976-1.065 1.036 (0.065) 0.917-1.171 1.068 (0.085) 0.914-1.249 1.006 (0.169) 0.723-1.399 0.987 (0.134) 0.755-1.289
No. of vegetable servings 1.009 (0.042) 0.930-1.095 0.966 (0.052) 0.868-1.074 0.912 (0.108) 0.723-1.150 0.928 (0.062) 0.814-1.057 0.975 (0.064) 0.856-1.109 0.996 (0.080) 0.850-1.167 0.771 (0.136) 0.545-1.090 0.933 (0.120) 0.725-1.201
Daily vigorous physical activity 1.056a (0.030) 1.000-1.116 1.031 (0.038) 0.959-1.108 0.967 (0.075) 0.831-1.125 0.949 (0.042) 0.870-1.034 0.968 (0.053) 0.869-1.077 0.944 (0.074) 0.810-1.100 1.135 (0.129) 0.908-1.419 1.108 (0.108) 0.915-1.341
Household per capita expenditure 1.000c (0.000) 1.000-1.000 1.000a (0.000) 1.000-1.000 1.000 (0.000) 1.000-1.000 1.000b (0.000) 1.000-1.000 1.000 (0.000) 1.000-1.000 1.000 (0.000) 1.000-1.000 1.000 (0.000) 0.999-1.000 1.000 (0.000) 0.999-1.000
Household size 0.936b (0.028) 0.883-0.991 0.946 (0.036) 0.877-1.020 0.926 (0.068) 0.802-1.068 0.921a (0.043) 0.841-1.010 0.986 (0.048) 0.896-1.086 1.015 (0.067) 0.892-1.155 1.022 (0.108) 0.831-1.257 1.070 (0.087) 0.913-1.255
Other health conditions 0.999 (0.218) 0.652-1.531 0.862 (0.264) 0.473-1.570 1.736 (1.048) 0.532-5.669 0.629 (0.284) 0.260-1.523 0.381 (0.467) 0.035-4.206 0.059a (0.093) 0.003-1.296 0.004b (0.011) 0.000-0.825 0.002c (0.004) 0.000-0.163
Constant 0.061c (0.058) 0.009-0.393 0.029c (0.038) 0.002-0.391 0.003a (0.010) 0.000-1.064 0.020a (0.040) 0.000-1.058 0.998 (0.211) 0.660-1.509 0.985 (0.274) 0.571-1.697 1.842 (0.849) 0.747-4.544 1.397 (0.563) 0.634-3.078