| n, % |
|
10 258 |
100.00% |
473 |
100.00% |
9,785 |
100.00% |
- |
552 |
100.00% |
276 |
100.00% |
276 |
100.00% |
- |
| Age |
Mean, SD |
76.4 |
11.4 |
74.4 |
11.4 |
76.5 |
11.4 |
< 0.001 |
74.3 |
11.1 |
74.3 |
10.9 |
74.4 |
11.3 |
0.908 |
| Male |
n, % |
5781 |
56.40% |
323 |
68.30% |
5,458 |
55.80% |
< 0.001 |
367 |
66.50% |
180 |
65.20% |
187 |
67.80% |
0.528 |
| Interval between hospitalizations for heart failure |
Median, (first quartile, third quartile) |
162 (52, 397) |
127 (41, 331) |
164 (53, 400) |
0.002 |
136 (39.5, 324.5) |
119.5 (37.5, 292.5) |
154.5 (43, 352.5) |
0.069 |
| ADL score at discharge |
Mean, SD |
19 |
1.9 |
19.2 |
1.7 |
18.9 |
1.9 |
0.003 |
19.4 |
1.6 |
19.4 |
1.5 |
19.4 |
1.6 |
0.978 |
| NYHA class |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
n, % |
510 |
5.00% |
13 |
2.70% |
497 |
5.10% |
0.021 |
18 |
3.30% |
10 |
3.60% |
8 |
2.90% |
0.859 |
| 2 |
n, % |
1941 |
18.90% |
88 |
18.60% |
1853 |
18.90% |
|
164 |
29.70% |
78 |
28.30% |
86 |
31.20% |
|
| 3 |
n, % |
2498 |
24.40% |
140 |
29.60% |
2358 |
24.10% |
|
242 |
43.80% |
124 |
44.90% |
118 |
42.80% |
|
| 4 |
n, % |
1776 |
17.30% |
81 |
17.10% |
1695 |
17.30% |
|
128 |
23.20% |
64 |
23.20% |
64 |
23.20% |
|
| Unclear/missing |
n, % |
3533 |
34.40% |
151 |
31.90% |
3382 |
34.60% |
|
0 |
0.00% |
0 |
0.00% |
0 |
0.00% |
|
| Underlying heart disease |
| Ischemic heart disease |
n, % |
6839 |
66.70% |
363 |
76.70% |
6476 |
66.20% |
<0.001 |
433 |
78.40% |
216 |
78.30% |
217 |
78.60% |
0.918 |
| Cardiomyopathy |
n, % |
1141 |
11.10% |
118 |
24.90% |
1023 |
10.50% |
<0.001 |
136 |
24.60% |
70 |
25.40% |
66 |
23.90% |
0.693 |
| Valvular disease |
n, % |
3768 |
36.70% |
174 |
36.80% |
3594 |
36.70% |
0.98 |
217 |
39.30% |
108 |
39.10% |
109 |
39.50% |
0.931 |
| Arrhythmia |
n, % |
3408 |
33.20% |
212 |
44.80% |
3196 |
32.70% |
<0.001 |
245 |
44.40% |
122 |
44.20% |
123 |
44.60% |
0.932 |
| Other heart diseases |
n, % |
1741 |
17.00% |
79 |
16.70% |
1662 |
17.00% |
0.873 |
94 |
17.00% |
45 |
16.30% |
49 |
17.80% |
0.651 |
| Information on the hospital visit that served as the baseline for start of the follow-up period |
| Inpatient clinical department |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cardiology department |
n, % |
5922 |
57.70% |
289 |
61.10% |
5633 |
57.60% |
0.129 |
337 |
61.10% |
163 |
59.10% |
174 |
63.00% |
0.337 |
| Cardiovascular surgery |
n, % |
273 |
2.70% |
7 |
1.50% |
266 |
2.70% |
0.102 |
8 |
1.40% |
4 |
1.40% |
4 |
1.40% |
1 |
| Others |
n, % |
4181 |
40.80% |
183 |
38.70% |
3998 |
40.90% |
0.348 |
223 |
40.40% |
114 |
41.30% |
109 |
39.50% |
0.665 |
| Discharged to home |
n, % |
9813 |
95.70% |
459 |
97.00% |
9354 |
95.60% |
0.132 |
537 |
97.30% |
271 |
98.20% |
266 |
96.40% |
0.191 |
| Duration (days) spent in hospital |
Mean, SD |
19.7 |
16.8 |
25.6 |
20 |
19.4 |
16.5 |
<0.001 |
24.6 |
19.7 |
23.9 |
16.7 |
25.3 |
22.2 |
0.417 |
| Concomitant drugs and therapy received during the hospital visit that served as the baseline for start of the follow-up period |
| Inotropic agents (intravenous injection) |
n, % |
1043 |
10.20% |
146 |
30.90% |
897 |
9.20% |
<0.001 |
169 |
30.60% |
88 |
31.90% |
81 |
29.30% |
0.518 |
| Diuretics (intravenous injection) |
n, % |
6277 |
61.20% |
291 |
61.50% |
5986 |
61.20% |
0.88 |
341 |
61.80% |
169 |
61.20% |
172 |
62.30% |
0.793 |
| Tolvaptan |
n, % |
2923 |
28.50% |
221 |
46.70% |
2702 |
27.60% |
<0.001 |
238 |
43.10% |
116 |
42.00% |
122 |
44.20% |
0.606 |
| Carperitide |
n, % |
3614 |
35.20% |
194 |
41.00% |
3420 |
35.00% |
0.007 |
265 |
48.00% |
127 |
46.00% |
138 |
50.00% |
0.349 |
| Concomitant drugs and therapy during follow-up |
| ACE-I and/or ARB |
n, % |
6334 |
61.70% |
293 |
61.90% |
6041 |
61.70% |
0.928 |
358 |
64.90% |
175 |
63.40% |
183 |
66.30% |
0.476 |
| β blocker |
n, % |
7014 |
68.40% |
398 |
84.10% |
6616 |
67.60% |
<0.001 |
459 |
83.20% |
231 |
83.70% |
228 |
82.60% |
0.733 |
| Digitalis preparation |
n, % |
1000 |
9.70% |
69 |
14.60% |
931 |
9.50% |
<0.001 |
83 |
15.00% |
44 |
15.90% |
39 |
14.10% |
0.552 |
| Diuretics (excluding tolvaptan and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) |
n, % |
9394 |
91.60% |
461 |
97.50% |
8933 |
91.30% |
<0.001 |
541 |
98.00% |
270 |
97.80% |
271 |
98.20% |
0.761 |
| Tolvaptan |
n, % |
2672 |
26.00% |
217 |
45.90% |
2455 |
25.10% |
<0.001 |
218 |
39.50% |
114 |
41.30% |
104 |
37.70% |
0.384 |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist |
n, % |
4831 |
47.10% |
286 |
60.50% |
4545 |
46.40% |
<0.001 |
332 |
60.10% |
170 |
61.60% |
162 |
58.70% |
0.487 |
| Statin |
n, % |
4047 |
39.50% |
203 |
42.90% |
3844 |
39.30% |
0.114 |
271 |
49.10% |
123 |
44.60% |
148 |
53.60% |
0.033 |
| Nitrates |
n, % |
2755 |
26.90% |
144 |
30.40% |
2611 |
26.70% |
0.072 |
176 |
31.90% |
86 |
31.20% |
90 |
32.60% |
0.715 |
| Cardiac rehabilitation |
n, % |
702 |
6.80% |
42 |
8.90% |
660 |
6.70% |
0.073 |
45 |
8.20% |
24 |
8.70% |
21 |
7.60% |
0.641 |
| Concomitant disease during the hospital visit that served as the baseline for start of the follow-up period |
| Atrial fibrillation |
n, % |
5578 |
54.40% |
277 |
58.60% |
5301 |
54.20% |
0.061 |
338 |
61.20% |
167 |
60.50% |
171 |
62.00% |
0.727 |
| Diabetes (including abnormal glucose tolerance) |
n, % |
5861 |
57.10% |
308 |
65.10% |
5553 |
56.80% |
<0.001 |
354 |
64.10% |
181 |
65.60% |
173 |
62.70% |
0.478 |
| Hypertension |
n, % |
9288 |
90.50% |
454 |
96.00% |
8834 |
90.30% |
<0.001 |
536 |
97.10% |
265 |
96.00% |
271 |
98.20% |
0.128 |
| Dyslipidemia |
n, % |
5723 |
55.80% |
309 |
65.30% |
5414 |
55.30% |
<0.001 |
398 |
72.10% |
190 |
68.80% |
208 |
75.40% |
0.088 |